A few of the many symptoms of a B12 deficiency are fatigue, depression, and brain fog. Fatigue, depression, and brain fog are just a few of the many symptoms of a B12 deficiency. And who could not use a little more mental clarity? B12 is needed for every single cell in our body.
Let us consider some of the factors needed for absorption of B12 and then why B12 is so critical for the body?
B12 is a large molecule and is difficult to absorb. The process starts in the mouth with thorough chewing of your food. Adequate hydrochloric acid in the stomach is needed to absorb B12.
B12 absorbed in the lumen of the small intestine is then transferred via liver circulation where it is transported through the body. Are you someone that inhales their food? Perhaps you take medication to reduce stomach acid. The pH of the stomach chyme should be effective enough to kill the bacteria on our food, turn on other digestive enzymes and aid in the absorption of B12.
What Blocks B12 Absorption?
Inadequate levels of HCL will disrupt the absorption of B12. That means reflux medications will inhibit this process. Currently reflux medicines are the “2nd most prescribed” class of drugs.
Next, we add the “over the counter’s” like Tagamet, Pepcid, Zantac, or anything that reduces the secretion of HCL; even Maalox impedes B12 absorption.
Metformin, the first line therapy for diabetes is also linked to B12 deficiency. It is estimated that 50-80% of the world’s population has the bacteria H-Pylori. H- Pylori has been linked to atrophic gastritis which is further linked to B12 deficiency.
Other factors that impede B12 absorption are pernicious anemia, bariatric surgery, IBS as well as other GI disorders. In terms of symptoms, B12 deficiency affects the peripheral nerves and in later stages the spinal cord. It is a vital component for healthy myelin, our protective nerve covering.
How B12 Deficiency Affects the Nervous System
So, a B12 deficiency can create tingling and numbness in the extremities, difficulty maintaining balance and coordination, abnormalities of gait, muscle weakness, tremors, age related hearing loss, spasticity and symptoms mimicking MS or Parkinson’s disease. Just as disturbing are the mental symptoms of irritability, depression or mania, paranoia, loss of concentration, memory loss, or dementia. Left untreated, these neurological effects can become permanent. Studies show that prolonged B12 deficiency can lead to irreversible nerve damage. Early detection through blood testing and proper supplementation is critical, especially for older adults, vegans, and individuals with absorption disorders such as pernicious anemia.
Testing and Supplementation for B12
Your health care clinician offers a range of testing to see if you are low in B12, but if you have symptoms of a B12 deficiency.
B12 is not always well absorbed via the stomach and as such should be supplemented with a correct whole food product that will yield good oral sublingual absorption.
The key to this therapy, however, is to allow the tablet to dissolve slowly in the mouth. Research shows that for most people, sublingual supplementation can be effective, especially if you are already supplementing with HCL. Some of us may need B12 injections so follow up as your Primary Doctor/Clinician monitors your progress.
It’s also worth noting that certain groups may be at higher risk for B12 deficiency:
- Adults over 60
- Vegans and vegetarians (since B12 is found primarily in animal products)
- People with gastrointestinal surgeries or chronic digestive issues
- Long-term users of antacids or Metformin
Don’t Ignore the Signs—Address B12 Early
If you suspect you might be low in B12, or maybe you have been low in the past and you are experiencing symptoms again, contact your Wellness Professional and talk to them about B12.
Addressing a B12 deficiency early can prevent long-term damage to the nervous system and significantly improve your energy, mood, and focus.